The History of European Furniture

Different countries produce different types ofmeans ornamented with shells and scrollwork and
woods. And produces different type of furnituresimilar patterns, and until one grows accustomed to
each unique in their own styles. And the developmentit, the dictionary definition of 'tastelessly florid or
of these different styles of wood products was alsoornate' may often be thought to apply. To our eyes
due to the encouragements from their rulers andit is noticeable principally for a generous use of
influential people.curved. lines, and an 'unbalanced' look. Out of its
Furniture made on the mainland of Europe variedelaborate setting there is no doubt that Louis XV
from country to country, but both craftsmen andfurniture appears very showy, but when it is seen in
ideas were interchanged from time to time. Localthe rooms for which it was designed it takes its
tastes and the use of local timbers often played aplace unobtrusively in the decorative scheme.
part in creating a fashion that spread eventually fromThe French had a liking during the eighteenth century
east to west. There is no space here to deal withfor small tables and cabinets, chests of drawers
the detailed history of the subject in each individual(called commodes), large writing tables with
land, but some general notes may be helpful. Frenchleather-covered tops having a row of drawers
furniture, having attained a worldwide interest andbeneath and tall legs, and upright cabinets with
importance, is described at greater length.drop-down fronts concealing a writing space.
FranceVeneering was the usual decoration, aided by
French furniture of the sixteenth and seventeenthparquetry and marquetry set off with ormolu
centuries is not greatly different from that mademountings. When compared with the sophisticated
elsewhere in Europe at those dates. However, theoutside appearance, most of the pieces exhibit very
principal wood used in England was oak, but in Francerough finishing of the woodwork not usually seen,
it was walnut, which was plentiful there. Just as manyand a glance at the inside or underneath of a piece
foreign workers came to London, so did others towill prove this.
Paris; it is almost impossible to distinguish anMany of the small tables and cabinets are supported
Italian-made cabinet from one made in France by anon delicately curved cabriole legs so slight that it is a
Italian craftsman. It was not until the end of thewonder they can stand without breaking. Chests of
seventeenth century that French furniture gained itsdrawers always have a slab of colored marble as the
recognizable distinction. The first to give his name totop, and many other pieces are similarly finished.
a style there was Andre Charles Boulle (1642-1732),Chairs and settees were carved usually of
who perfected marquetry, originating in Italy,beech-wood, sometimes finished with gilding and
employing tortoiseshell and brass which was usedsometimes painted in pale colors. Mirror-frames were
mostly on furniture veneered with ebony. This isgilt, and are often very like English ones of the same
known now either as Boulle or Buhl work, and thedate.
majority of it that has survived was made inDifferent countries used different types of woods. In
Victorian times, or later. Old work of the eighteenthEngland they mostly used the oak, but in France it
century is very valuable ($3,000 to $6,000 for awas walnut, which was plentiful there. Some time the
piece would not be considered extraordinary), butcabinet made in Italia and France are difficult to
the nineteenth-century copies fetch a tenth or so ofdistinguish from one another. There were great
this.differences in their price tags as well with their
Louis XVproduction ages. Monarch Louis XV extravagant
This monarch has his name coupled with the mostfurniture designs known as Rococo. He designs
extravagant of furniture designs, known as Rococo;different styles of furniture with different types of
a style that spread throughout Europe. The termwoods that suits his tastes.