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Article #23: Punjabi Culture

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Punjabi folk music is highly rhythmic, only one string, mastering the tumbi
and very diverse. The western region is takes many years. The sarangi is a
the home of styles like dhoola and multi-stringed instrument, somewhat
mahiya, while the popular boli style is similar to the violin. The sapera
performed different across the region. produces a beautiful, high-pitched
The vocals are another integral part of stringy beat, while the supp and chimta
Punjabi music, as are instruments like add extra, light sound to Bhangra music.
the dhol, tumbi, dhad sarangi, algoza and Finally, the dhad, dafli, dholki, and
Ektara. damru are instruments that produce more
Punjab drum beats, but with much less bass than
The birthplace of Bhangra, the Punjab is the dhol drum.
a region extending over part of Northern Bhangra is a lively form of music and
India and Northeastern Pakistan. dance that originated in the Punjab
Translated, the name "Punjab" means the region in Southeast Asia. As many Bhangra
"Land of Five Rivers." The people of the lyrics reflect the long and often
Punjab are called Punjabis and they speak tumultuous history of the Punjab,
a language called Punjabi. The three main knowledge of Punjabi history offers
religions in the area are Sikhism, important insights into the meaning of
Hinduism, and Islam. The region has been the music. While Bhangra began as a part
invaded and ruled by many different of harvest festival celebrations, it
empires and races, including the Aryans, eventually became a part of such diverse
Persians, Greeks, Muslims, and Mongols. occasions as weddings and New Year
Around the time of the 15th Century, Guru celebrations. Moreover, during the last
Nanak Dev founded the Sikh religion, thirty years, Bhangra has enjoyed a surge
which quickly came to prominence in the in popularity worldwide, both in
region. The 19th Century saw the traditional form and as a fusion with
beginning of British rule, which led to genres such as hip-hop, house, and
the emergence of several heroic freedom reggae. As Bhangra continues to move into
fighters, the subject of many Bhangra mainstream culture, an understanding of
songs. Finally, the Punjab was split its history and tradition helps to
between Pakistan and India at the end of appreciate it.
British rule in 1947. This partitioning Bhangra Instruments
resulted in a large migration of Punjabis Many different Punjabi instruments
into the United Kingdom, which eventually contribute to the sound of Bhangra.
led to the emergence of Bhangra in Although the most important instrument is
Western clubs and dancehalls. the dhol drum, Bhangra also features a
Bhangra variety of string and other drum
Bhangra is a lively form of music and instruments.
dance that originated in the Punjab The primary and most important
region in Southeast Asia. As many Bhangra instrument that defines Bhangra is the
lyrics reflect the long and often dhol. The dhol is a large, high-bass
tumultuous history of the Punjab, drum, played by beating it with two
knowledge of Punjabi history offers sticks. The width of a dhol skin is about
important insights into the meaning of fifteen inches in general, and the dhol
the music. While Bhangra began as a part player holds his instrument with a strap
of harvest festival celebrations, it around his neck.
eventually became a part of such diverse The string instruments include the
occasions as weddings and New Year tumbi, sarangi, sapera, supp, and chimta.
celebrations. Moreover, during the last The dhad, dafli, dholki, and damru are
thirty years, Bhangra has enjoyed a surge the other drums. The tumbi, famously
in popularity worldwide, both in mastered by Amar Singh Chamkila, a famous
traditional form and as a fusion with Punjabi singer, is a high-tone,
genres such as hip-hop, house, and single-string instrument. Although it has
reggae. As Bhangra continues to move into only one string, mastering the tumbi
mainstream culture, an understanding of takes many years. The sarangi is a
its history and tradition helps to multi-stringed instrument, somewhat
appreciate it. similar to the violin. The sapera
Bhangra Instruments produces a beautiful, high-pitched
Many different Punjabi instruments stringy beat, while the supp and chimta
contribute to the sound of Bhangra. add extra, light sound to Bhangra music.
Although the most important instrument is Finally, the dhad, dafli, dholki, and
the dhol drum, Bhangra also features a damru are instruments that produce more
variety of string and other drum drum beats, but with much less bass than
instruments. the dhol drum.
The primary and most important Bhangra Today
instrument that defines Bhangra is the Bhangra has come a long way in the 20th
dhol. The dhol is a large, high-bass Century and has recently taken the
drum, played by beating it with two entertainment industry by storm. In the
sticks. The width of a dhol skin is about 1970s and 1980s, many Punjabi singers
fifteen inches in general, and the dhol from Southeast Asia and the United
player holds his instrument with a strap Kingdom emerged, setting the stage for
around his neck. Bhangra to become a hot new trend in
The string instruments include the dance music. Modern Bhangra artists, in
tumbi, sarangi, sapera, supp, and chimta. addition to recording and performing
The dhad, dafli, dholki, and damru are traditional Bhangra, have also fused
the other drums. The tumbi, famously Bhangra with other music genres, such as
mastered by Amar Singh Chamkila, a famous hip-hop, reggae, house, and
Punjabi singer, is a high-tone, drum-and-bass.
single-string instrument. Although it has






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