What in the World is Figured Bass in Music?

Even many musicians haven't heard of figured bass.this period such as had not previously been heard.
Also called basso continuo, a simple explanation ofThe more complex nature of Baroque music made a
the term is a short way to note chords on a musicalnew form of musical notation a necessity. This is
score. If you have never heard of it, it's most likelyhow figured bass was born. Playing music by reading
because the method isn't used today. However, itfigured bass required more than rudimentary musical
could be considered akin to, or a precursor of, askills. With this method, the melody line and the bass
modern chord chart.line are noted on a traditional musical scale (bass clef
Figured bass originated in the Baroque era of the17thand treble clef). The instrumentalist(s) would fill in the
and 18th century. Music has evolved over theharmony lines based on the bass note. The harmony
centuries and still does today. The development ofpart, or the part that was implied but not written in
figured bass came in response to one of these earlythe score, was known as the continuo.
musical style evolutions. The Baroque music periodTo play figured bass, it is necessary to have a
came on the heels of the Renaissance period. Musicworking understanding of chords. An instrumentalist
from the Renaissance was generally characterized byreading a score with figured bass would see the
its reliance upon intervals of thirds. Of course, musicalmelody notes and the bass notes. The instrumentalist
trends evolve over a period of time. For this reason,would assume that the continuo notes that would
it's difficult to pinpoint an exact year when this trendaccompany would be a standard fifth interval unless
shifted. Usually a new musical era is well under wayotherwise noted. If another variation was desired,
before anyone realizes there has been a change.numbers would appear on the score underneath the
Modal characteristics of Renaissance music eventuallybass note indicating the appropriate interval.
gave way to more tonal music. The definingLike many trends, the use of the figured bass
characteristic of tonal music is its use of fifths. This ismethod became obsolete. Today, chords are often
in contrast to the previous intervals of thirds. This ledindicated by abbreviating their names (i.e.,"C7" for a C
the way for Baroque style music.major/minor seventh chord). Similar to figured bass,
Composers and musicians in this period began usinginstrumentalists have some leeway for improvisation
more elaborate instrumentation during the Baroquewith this type of musical annotation. This is in
period. New musical instruments were beingcontrast to music that has every note for each part
developed that contributed to the trend. Many ofannotated on a musical staff. Like shorthand once
them had wider range capabilities, allowing for morewas to writing, so was figured bass to music. And
variety in musical scores. New playing techniqueslike shorthand, changes in technology and trends
were also developed, lending a distinction to music ofhave greatly diminished the use of figured bass.