The Art of Songwriting

When I was a kid taking guitar lessons, I was alwayssame fashion, Neil Young is another great story teller,
fascinated at how artists such as Rush, Led Zeppelinall one need do is listen to songs such as "Sugar
and Yes, just to name a few, were able to putMountain" and "Rockin' in the Free world. "
music and lyrics together to create great works ofThe last point, the setting of a mood is the most
art. I asked my instructor Jessica, "What is theircerebral of the creative concept and its process. I
secret?" She replied, "They're just creative." I wasfind this technique mostly used in heavy instrumental
hoping for a more formulaic answer about howsongs that hearken back from the psychedelic era of
musical compositions were arranged, how chordthe 1960's, to the prog rock of the 70's, and
progressions were written, how certain lyrics fit intodefinitely into the 90's with the advent of grunge
time signatures, etc. However, I found there were norock.
mathematical rules to songwriting, only an art thatThe Beatles revolutionized the recording process in
had to be perfected and crafted with time and1967 with Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.
practice.They echoed the vocals heavily to give to the songs
In my many years as an astute listener anda larger than life sound; They sped up and slowed
aficionado of music, I have dissected songs that Idown instruments in order to alter the tempo in the
felt worthy of study. A well-written song should domusic, and through the art of editing, they
at least one of the following:successfully spliced recording tapes into different
1. Evoke an emotionorders to give a feeling of detachment and
2. Make a pointdisconnection to the listener, thereby supplying the
3. Tell a storymeans with which one might escape from reality.
4. Set a moodAlso along these same lines, Guitar greats such as
The first point, evoking an emotion, is what theJimmy Page, with his signature riffs and innovative
majority of well-written songs will do. The melody orproduction gave the impression that music and the
vocal line is usually the strongest allure that listenersemotions invoked by it have a tendency to be the
hear on the radio. A listener can be drawn in by avessel that transports the listener from one state of
given situation lyrically, when they can relate to it onmind to another... "The Rain Song" literally sounds like
an everyday basis. In the 90's, what woman couldrain, and, as I learned from my instructor. It was
not totally, or at least momentarily, relate to thewritten as a combination of sliding major 7 chords a
anger that Alanis Morrisette portrayed in "Youhalf step down and playing the major chords on a
Oughta Know "and who among us hasn't felt thehigher register with riffs, audibly emulating drops of
emotional fortitude of Steve Perry in songs such asrain, connecting the chords together. "Ramble On"
"Open Arms" and "Don't Stop Believing." Along thistakes the listener to JRR Tolkien's Mordor with clever
same vein, "You've Got Another Thing Coming" byhand drums and tricky guitar rhythms that give the
Judas Priest and "I want it All" by Queen are songsimpression of leaves falling, and wind blowing in a
that pump up our adrenalin and inspire action.scene that sets it self within the loneliness of a
Songs such as these are often the types of songssolitary journey. Yes's "Roundabout", with its famous
that have a point to deliver to those who areharmonics of an E chord and sleepy vocal
listening, and it is when we feel the need as a listenerintroduction, puts me in mind of an eagle waking up
to approach these lessons which are offered in theseon top of a mountain to a pristine sky. As the song
songs, that we seek out those lyrics and/or rhythms,crescendos and descends the eagle soars and dips to
that seem to, for a time, at least, fend off thoseview the valley below him.
feelings of impending doom and/or frustration. WeIn the 1990's, after the light pop craze prevalent in
pursue these avenues of self discovery in songs suchthe 1980's, a new genre of music, grunge rock,
as these at a time when we most feel the need forarrived on the scene. The dark decade was upon us
an adrenalin rush. The overall feelings of euphoria areand Nirvana took it by storm. "Smells like Teen Spirit"
sought out by our Psyche and when certain songswith moshable motifs and introspective lyrics gives
are played they tend to induce that adrenalin rushthe listener the energy of punk but an outlet for
and give to us the desired emotional result, i.e. theself-absorption. "Lithium" was a direct look at the
knowledge that all things considered, It is all fine inpsychotropic drug culture that was put into place to
the end. In regards to this aspect of writing, thecounteract the effects of the climbing divorce rate
band that comes to mind is Rush. Their lyricist andaffecting the youth of the generation.
drummer, Neil Peart, has many recurrent themes thatMy last example, "Stairway to Heaven" is a song that
he has written about over the years. One of them isencompasses all four points listed above. The song
the ability to be self-reliant in a cold and evertells a story of the rich lady in the forest who
changing world. "Enemy Within" with its self-evidentbelieves that she can buy salvation with gold. On her
title makes the point that is up to the individual tospiritual quest, the song makes the point that there
take chances in order to advance one's standing inare two paths to take and it is up to the individual to
life, as is "Circumstances", "Roll the Bones", andtake the right one. It evokes the emotion of hope as
"Dreamline."it promises the listener, with the application of correct
Thirdly, telling a short story is an art in and of itself,decisions, a higher spiritual level. The mood is set by
but when it is set to music, the story becomesbuilding constantly building tension in the music that
available to a much wider audience. Bob Segar's manyonly climaxes in the last few seconds as the lady
tunes are prime examples of how a vicarious butrealizes that only the spirit within her, not gold, can
realistic situation can find a place to live in the spirit ofbuy her everlasting salvation.
anyone who longs to travel from and be free of theIn conclusion, songwriting is a combination of personal
responsibilities of everyday life. In three to fourexperience and the ability to step outside oneself. It
minutes Segar can take us on a journey through hisis the knowledge of music and the creativity that
youth with songs such as "Hollywood Nights", andcomes from spending countless hours with a guitar or
"Night Moves" or with Songs such as "Against thea piano. Most of all, it satisfies the desire in all of us
Wind" and "Main-Street" to the epiphanies thatto breath life into our thoughts and ideas and leave a
contain the resolutions which we all struggle topermanent mark on the world.
achieve while transcending into adulthood. In this