Resonator Guitars - Biscuits, Spiders and Cones, Oh My!

More and more often these days, an instrumentand began his own label, Dobro. That company
originally designed for one purpose or musical genrereleased a competing resonator guitar that featured
will be adopted for and adapted to a completelya single resonator under a distinctive circular
different area. This has been the fate of theperforated metal cover plate. The bridge rested at
resonator guitar, which was originally designed to bethe center of this plate on an eight-legged aluminum
louder than a conventional acoustic guitar in order tospider. Finally, National countered with its own take on
ensure that the instrument could be heard above thethe single resonator model. This instrument used a
horns and percussion instruments in dance orchestras.wooden "biscuit" at the cone apex to support the
The resonator guitar, however, is possessed of abridge, rather than the traditional spider.
very distinct and original sound, and because of that,This quick succession of instrument innovations
it has been adopted and integrated into the musicaloccurred over the course of about five years. At the
genres of bluegrass, country and blues music.end of that time, in 1932, the owners of Dobro
The resonator guitar, or resophonic guitar as it isgained control of National and formed the National
occasionally called, is an acoustic guitar that uses oneDobro Corporation. However, with the entry of the
or more metal cones (resonators) instead of theUnited States into World War II in 1941, all production
traditional wooden soundboard. These instrumentsof resonator guitars by the company ceased for a
can be divided into two subcategories, these beingtime. Since the end of World War II, the Dobro label
square-necked guitars and round-necked guitars. Thehas passed through various hands, all of which have
former are designed to be played like a lap steelused it to produce resonator guitars. Dobro is
guitar (with a slide), while the latter can be played ascurrently the possession of the Gibson Guitar
either a conventional classical guitar or as a steelCompany. Today, common terminology uses Dobro
guitar. In addition to this division, there are also threeto refer to an instrument with an inverted cone,
main types of resonator designs: the "tricone," thewhile National generally means an instrument with a
single inverted cone, and the spider-less single cone.non-inverted cone.
The original resonator guitar was developed duringAs mentioned, bluegrass, country and blues are the
the early 20th century and in 1927, the firstusual territory of the resonator guitar. The first
instruments were manufactured under the brandgenerally utilizes square-necked Dobro guitars, while
name National. These guitars were of the triconethe latter two favor round-necked National
variety, which means that they had three conicalinstruments. Because both styles of guitar may be
resonators joined by a T-shaped piece of aluminumplayed as a lap steel guitar, this is the most common
called a "spider" that supported the bridge. A yearposition used by artists. However, round-necked
later, one of the founding members of National splitguitars may be played in the traditional guitar position.