A Brief History of Rock and Pop Music

You may be wondering when exactly did rock/popsound. Even so It was regarded as the forerunner of
music begin? There's no clear answer to this. Somethe electronic sampler, invented nearly 20 years later.
might say that it started with the advent of rock nInfinitely more flexible than the Melotron, the sampler
roll with Bill Haley and the Comets in 1952. Othershelped build the framework for modern pop,dance
would say Elvis, although not the first but surely theand R&B music.
original truly global superstar. Yet none of these wereThe Beatles 'Sgt.. Pepper' album with its
really the first. Rock n roll has its roots in blues whichgroundbreaking recording techniques was preceded
has its roots back to the 19th century with blackthe year before by their 'Revolver' album. These LP's
immigrants trying to escape from their slave drivenhelped popularize a new wave in music known as
lives. Fast forward to the early 20th. century andpsychedelic or acid rock, named after the mind
some of the earliest recordings on 78 began tobending effects of LSD drugs. Pink Floyd also
appear. Players from this time such as Bobby Jo andrecorded their debut album 'Piper at the Gates of
Robert Johnson helped to form the structure of earlyDawn' in the studio next door at the same time that
bluesThe Beatles recorded Sgt. Pepper. It was reported
Robert Johnson had recorded only thirty songs duringthat Pink Floyd were a direct influence to The
his short life as he was prevented from achievingBeatles as a result. This new style incorporated new
true fame while alive by being poisoned by a jealousguitar effects like Fuzz, flanger anger and delays.
husband. He died shortly before he was being soughtThese were used along side the earliest portable
to appear at the 'Spirituals To Swing' concert in 1938synthesizers such as the therein and mini Moog.
by record producer John Hammond. As a result, hisinvented by Bob Moog.
reputation only took off after Hammond released anIn America, the Beach boys responded with the 'Pet
album of his recordings for Columbia in the earlysounds' LP in 1966 and later that year released the
sixties. Later blues exponents like Muddy Waters andfirst big psychedelic hit 'Good Vibrations'. About this
Eric Clapton admitted borrowing heavily from thesetime, the band 'Jefferson Airplane' recorded their
early stalwarts.debut album which was also the first LP to come out
In the 50's, artists took the basic blues style andof the new San Franciscan music scene. This got the
used electric guitars, drums and double bass for therecord industry's attention and they had two of the
first time creating early rock n roll, later known asearliest psychedelic hits 'White Rabbit' and 'Somebody
rockabilly. Stalwarts like Chuck Berry, Buddy Hollie andto Love' in 1967.
Jerry Lee Lewis were the most famous protagonistsMeanwhile in Los Angeles, Jim Morrison joined with
here. Later Elvis in the US and to a lesser extent, Cliffmembers of The Psychedelic Rangers and Rick and
Richard (later leading the Shadows) in the UK broughtthe Ravens to form 'The Doors' They were initially
rock n roll to a truly worldwide audience. This pavedturned down by Columbia but were signed to Electra
the way for the 60's beat era which could beRecords and released their self titled debut LP in
considered the true beginning of pop music as we1967. The album included the 7 minute long hit single
know it today, certainly as far as bands were'Light my Fire' one of the first to break the typical
concerned.three minute pop and rock song barrier.
In the 50's and early 60's, it was mostly lead soloBack in Britain, radio broadcasting was very limited
artists with just a backing band. With the advent ofbecause the BBC were the only organization allowed
the beat era, bands dominated with The Beatles, Theto broadcast on the mainland and had just two pop
Rolling Stones and the Beach Boys from the USmusic shows The Saturday club and Easy Beat Radio
taking the world by storm. Even so, The Beatles laterLuxembourg partially filled the gap but it was left to
admitted being heavily influenced by those earlierpirate radio, broadcast from ships out at sea with DJ
rock n roll and blues artists. They mostly played rockJohn Peel' which enabled the new style to reach a
n roll and blues covers at their pre-fame Hamburgmass audience, often eclipsing the BBC in popularity.
concerts. in the early 60's. The Beatles however,The BBC responded in the end with the advent of
were the first band to successfully blend classicalRadio 1 in June 1967. With the existing labor
music textures with rock n roll to form perfectlygovernment making pirate radio illegal in Britain several
crafted pop songs. While bands like The Rollingmonths later, Du's like John Peel rather than risk
Stones continued with the mainly rock n roll theme,arrest joined radio 1 which had a much more informal
The Beatles took their finely crafted style further inand relaxed style as opposed to the staid and
the seminal album 'Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Clubconservative approach favored by the BBC until then.
Band' in 1967 by utilizing new studio techniques andThis perfectly suited psychedelic pop and rock and
instruments never used before. They used a newJohn Peel championed this in his late night shows.
instrument called 'the Melotron' This was basically aplaying new genres of music and introducing new and
keyboard which played looped tape recordings. ofunsigned bands in the Peel sessions. He did this for
real instruments. The most famous sound from thisnearly four decades until his death in 2004.
was probably the flute used on the 'StrawberryBy the end of the 60's after the break up of the
Fields' single recorded at the same time but laterbeatles, mainstream music was about to change
dropped from the album. The Melotron though, wasdirection yet again both in style and fashion.
cumbersome and unreliable and had a rather grainy