Japanese Music

Music in Japan is called ongaku, which when directlymusicians Shirakawa Gunpachiro and Takahashi
translated can be taken to mean as sound forChikuzan is the tsugaru-jamisen where there is more
comfort. Although mostly identified nowadays by thefree improvisation and flashy fingerwork on the
outside world for its pop, "bubblegum" type of songs,instrument.
Japanese music is essentially an eclectic combinationAnother instrument most often used in Japanese
of musical influences from all over the world. Much asmusic is the taiko, or the Japanese drum. This
it is steeped in local tradition and history, the scales,percussion instrument dates as far back as the 6th
instruments and styles however were borrowed andand 7th centuries, and during periods of war was
loosely adapted from neighboring countries such asused mainly to keep the enemies at bay and to
China, Korea and Indonesia and has evolved tocommunicate commands to the warriors. The taiko
integrate Western musical styles such as jazz, rock,comes in various sizes and is usually an integral part
ska and reggae.of the musical ensembles especially during festivals.
There is a definitive emphasis on words rather thanThere are other traditional Japanese instruments like
the instrumentation and one East Asian musicalthe biwa, a short-necked fretted lute; the ryuteki, a
scholar has attributed this to the Japanese "love forflute made of bamboo and used in gagaku which is
storytelling and preoccupation with ritual." Somethe style of music associated to the Japanese
examples of this would be the shomyo, or BuddhistImperial Court; the kokyu, a string instrument played
chanting and the Japanese folk songs or min'yo.with a bow which has a shape, sound and fabrication
There are all sorts of min'yo but can be generallyunique to Japan unlike the shamisen. The kokyu has
categorized according to occasions when they areeven figured in non-traditional genres such as
sung. There are work songs, religious songs, songsJapanese jazz and blues.
used during special gatherings like weddings, funeralsDevelopments in the late 19th and early 20th
and celebrations and songs for children or lullabies.centuries opened the ears of the Japanese people to
These songs are most often passed or transmittednew genres such as the enka, the Japanese version
through family generations. One old form of traditionalof American melodramatic country ballads, Western
music coming from the Ainu people in northern Japanpop or kayokyoku. Kayokyoku later on evolved to
would be the yukar, or mimicry - a form of epicJ-pop or Japanese pop - a style with a more
poetry or epics in songs.definitive Western influence. With rock and roll
Most Japanese music genres even up to the presentsweeping the whole world in the 1960s and 1970s,
make use of the shamisen, or a three-stringedJ-rock or Japanese rock invaded the Japanese music
musical instrument most commonly referred to asscene as well. More noteworthy however is how
the Japanese guitar. In kouta, or short songs typicallyWestern classical music and jazz has flourished in
sung by geisha and nagauta or long songs as thoseJapan to the point where the country has produced
performed in Japanese theatres noh and kabuki, theseveral famous musicians like Sadao Watanabe for
shamisen provides the backbone for instrumentation.jazz, composer Toru Takemitsu and conductor Seiji
An evolution from the jiuta or the earthy, classicalOzawa. Japan is also identified as one of the most
style of shamisen music and developed by blindimportant markets for these types of music.